Civil Engineering Professional Engineer Practice Exam 2026 – All-in-One Comprehensive Guide to Exam Success!

The purpose of a retaining wall is primarily to hold back soil and prevent erosion. These structures are designed to resist the lateral pressure of soil when there is a change in elevation. For instance, in areas where there are different ground levels, such as hillsides, a retaining wall serves to stabilize the slope, preventing soil from collapsing or eroding away. This function is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the landscape and ensuring safety, especially in residential and commercial developments where the risk of soil movement can threaten structures or create hazardous conditions.

While other options mention important aspects related to civil engineering and landscape design, they do not encompass the primary role of retaining walls. Supporting building foundations and providing aesthetic value are important but are secondary to the wall's main function of soil retention and erosion control. Diverting water flow is a separate function typically achieved through drainage systems, rather than the direct purpose of a retaining wall, which primarily focuses on soil stability.